Page 149 - VERITAS Vol.2 Issue 2

The method is based on the principle of measuring tissue depth using

X-rays or needles and then recording.
• Anatomical Russian Method:

This method was discovered in 1971 by Gerasimov. In this process, the

total replacement of the classical use of tissue depth with facial mus-

cle for measurement takes place. This method gives shape to muscles,

glands, and cartilages by placing them in a layer-by-layer style. Recon-

structing the fossilised skulls using this method can be done. But the
drawback of this method is that it takes more time than the Anthropo-

metrical method.

Fig 1.2 Photograph showing tissue-pegs attached to the surface of the skull at

the anatomical landmarks

• Combination Manchester Method:

It is also known as the British method developed in 1977 by Neave. It

is the most accepted method. Unlike the previous methods, this method

takes into account measures of both soft tissue and facial muscles. The

cranium and the mandible are articulated into the skull and then adjust-

ed on a stand by placing them at 90 degrees on drilled holes. The depth

is determined by age, gender, etc. The muscle is constructed by position
based on the origin and insertion of the skull.

140 Veritas Volume: 2, Issue: 2